OSS File: The Croatian Home Defenders
Ustase co-founder Branimir "Branko" Jelic visited New York in the 1930s and founded the Domobran, or "Home Defenders" as an American branch of the Ustase movement (the name would later be used by the Croatian regular army - roughly the equivalent of the Wehrmacht). The group was raided by the FBI and shuttered after the American entry into the war, though many of the prominent leaders moved on to other organizations. Several of the Domobran leaders were priests, such as the Reverend Ivan Stipanovic and, mentioned below, Reverend Oskar Suster. The "congress" mentioned in the third paragraph refers to a Slavic conference which met in Detroit around the time this report was filed. The "CFU" is the Croatian Fraternal Union, an open organization which had several Ustase adherents scattered among their members, but remained (as it does today) a respectable and patriotic Croatian-American group which was later even targeted by Ustase attacks. "Duchich" is Jovan Ducic, former Yugoslav Ambassador to Spain and head of the Serbian National Defense.

 

S.K.
Yugo.

April 29, 1942
Detroit, Mich

RE: Yugoslav Affairs

Rev. Oskar Suster, of the Croat. Cath church at 921 Melbourne, appears to be still the spiritual leader of the defunct "Croatian Homedefenders". Although this organization has ceased to function after the authorities clamped on their exponents, Rev. Suster continues to uphold Ante Pavelich, the nazi puppet in Croatia. On several occasions when some Croat organization would prepare a social affair of democratic and patriotic design, Rev. Suster proceeds to sabotage it by whisperring [sic] to individual parishioners that such a gathering was un-Croatian and ungodly. If some Croat dies who was not a follower of Ante Pavelich, Rev. Suster usually excuses himself when called to perform the last rites, by stating that "this person was not a true follower of the Cath. church.["]

Recently, Rev. Suster was preparing a Croatian event for which he had tickets sold. Some Amer. Croats decided to use this occasion to delare [sic] themselves patriotic and condemn Ante Pavelich and his nazi overlords. Rev. Suster was advised of this move by his stooges and called the whole thing off and redeemed the tickets to the purchasers. It seems that this friar is still using his priestly offices for the benefit of his boss, Ante Pavelich.

When Milan Petrak, ed. of the "Zajednicar" was here for the Congress, he was given a talking to by Adam Suletich, sec of the local C.F.U. Lodge, and Ivan Marohnic, Atty. He was told to show more patriotic spirit in his paper besides waving an Amer. flag to cover up. It appears that Petrak thinks he does not have to go any further in his patriotic gestures then [sic] he did previously, with an attitude that no one can prove anything against him. Petrak was and is a rabid anti-communist and considers this line sufficient armor of all around patriotism for any other purpose in mind.

Urosh Seferovich, sec. of the local Serb. Natl. Def. Counl. is steadely [sic] seen in gambling joints, playing stakes as high as $200.00 a night. He is here on visitors passport and collects money for the Amer. Red Cross. Sometime ago he was accused by a Serb of holding out on the Red Cross, which organization took the matter legally but had to drop it for lack of sufficient and willing witnesses. Seferovich continues to gamble and collect for the Red Cross - through the medium of the Duchich's propaganda bureau.

SK/Y

 

:: filing information ::
Title: OSS File: The Croatian Home Defenders
Source: NARA
Date: April 29, 1942 Added: December 2002